Research

Marbling of beef

Better meat marbling, meaning a higher intramuscular fat content in the meat, is often associated with greater enjoyment (tastier, juicier, more tender meat). For example, Wagyu and Angus breeds are marketed for their marbling and overall excellent meat quality. However, marbling is influenced not only by breed/crossbreed/genetics but also by numerous other factors (e.g., sex, feeding intensity, final weight at slaughter, age at slaughter). While not the case in Austria, in other countries (e.g., USA, Canada, Australia, Japan) marbling is consistently factored into the price of the carcass.

A project is currently underway at the Institute for Livestock Research, examining the relationships between meat marbling and slaughter performance (e.g., fat class, slaughter age) as well as meat quality characteristics (e.g., tenderness, water retention capacity, meat components) in Austrian beef, based on Austrian fattening trials. Austrian beef (bull, steer, heifer) has average intramuscular fat contents of 2 to 4% in the ribeye and sirloin, with slightly higher levels in heifers and steers than in bulls. Generally, intramuscular fat contents above 5% are rarely, if ever, achieved in fattening cattle using typical Austrian feed and common breeds. In young beef from suckler cow husbandry—where the animals are a maximum of one year old at slaughter—the intramuscular fat content is often only around 1%. Currently, there is no handy, digital, and affordable device on the market for assessing meat marbling. However, a fattening study conducted at BOKU as part of our project shows that consumers can also very well assess the degree of marbling of beef using marbling photos and a description table (see Frickh et al. 2003 and Ristic 1987).

Marbling of beef

Marbling of beef

 HBLFA Raumberg-Gumpenstein

Team

Terler Georg, Dr.

Dr. Georg Terler

Milk production and animal nutrition
Velik Margit, Dr

Dr. Margit Velik

Cattle fattening and product quality